Semen quality impairment is associated with sexual dysfunction according to its severity
By academic.oup.com
Is sexual dysfunction associated with severity of semen quality impairment in men with couple infertility?
SUMMARY ANSWER
In males of infertile couples the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) increases as a function of semen quality impairment severity.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
Infertile men are at a higher risk for sexual dysfunction, psychopathological and general health disorders. However, it has never been systematically investigated if these problems are associated with severity of semen quality impairment.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
Cross-sectional analysis of a first-time evaluation of 448 males of infertile couples attending an outpatient clinic from September 2010 to November 2015. In addition, 74 age-matched healthy, fertile men from an ultrasound study on male fertility were studied for comparison.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
All subjects underwent a complete physical, biochemical, scrotal and flaccid penile colour-Doppler ultrasound evaluation and semen analysis. Patients had already undergone at least one semen analysis; therefore, the majority were aware of their sperm quality before taking part in the study. Validated tools, such as the International Index of Sexual Function-15 (IIEF-15), Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ), National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), International Prostate Symptom Score and Chronic Disease Score (CDS), were used to evaluate, respectively, sexual dysfunction, premature ejaculation (PE), psychopathological traits, prostatitis-like symptoms, lower urinary tract symptoms and general health status.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Among men with couple infertility, 96 showed azoospermia (Group #1), 245 at least one sperm abnormality (Group #2) and 107 normozoospermia (Group #3). Fertile men were considered as a control group (Group #4). After adjusting for age, we observed a higher prevalence of ED (IIEF-15-erectile function domain score <26) (18.3% versus 0%; P = 0.006) and PE (PEDT score >8) (12.9% versus 4.1%; P = 0.036) in males of infertile couples compared with fertile men. The ED prevalence increases as a function of semen quality impairment severity (P < 0.0001), even after adjusting for confounders (age, CDS, MHQ and NIH-CPSI total score), despite similar hormonal, glyco-metabolic and penile vascular status. Compared to fertile men, all three groups of males with couple infertility showed a poorer erectile function, associated with an overall psychopathological burden (MHQ total score), particularly with somatized anxiety (MHQ-S).
Azoospermic men showed the worst erectile function and general health: in this group, erectile function was negatively associated not only with psychopathological disturbances (MHQ total and MHQ-S scores; P < 0.0001) but also with a less healthy phenotype (higher CDS; P = 0.015). In addition, azoospermic men reported higher PE prevalence and lower sexual desire and orgasmic function when compared to fertile men (all P < 0.05), all of which were related to psychopathological symptoms.
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
The cross-sectional nature of the study represents its main limitation. A possible selection bias concerning the control group of healthy, fertile men recruited into an ultrasound study might have occurred. Finally, causality cannot be inferred in this type of study design and hence there should be some caution in interpreting the results.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
Investigation of male sexual function, general health and psychological status in infertile couples, especially if azoospermic, is advisable, in order to improve not only reproductive but also general and sexual health.
Source: https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article-abstract/31/12/2668/2730249/Semen-quality-impairment-is-associated-with-sexual
posso partir o comprimido de cialis http://cialissom.com/ cialis comprar peru generic cialis cialis market share 2011 cialis cheap what are the side effects for cialis http://cialisles.com/ transdermal cialis
Sunday, June 14, 2026
Prazosin: The Generic Form Of Prazosin Explained
Prazosin is the generic name of the medication sold under the brand name Prazosin. Generic medications contain the same active ingredient at the same dose and strength as their brand name counterparts and must meet the same FDA standards for quality, purity, and bioequivalence. The development and approval of generic drugs play an important role in making effective treatments more accessible and affordable for patients. Antihypertensive medications work through several different mechanisms, and many patients eventually require two or more drugs to achieve adequate blood pressure control. Major classes include ACE inhibitors and ARBs, which relax blood vessels by blocking the renin-angiotensin system; calcium channel blockers, which reduce arterial stiffness; beta-blockers, which slow the heart rate and reduce its workload; and diuretics, which reduce blood volume by increasing fluid excretion through the kidneys. The pharmacological action of prazosin is the basis for its use in treating conditions within the category of blood pressure management. Understanding the mechanism by which the active compound produces its therapeutic effects helps patients appreciate why the medication needs to be taken consistently and at the correct dose to achieve the best results. Switching between brand name and generic versions of a medication is generally considered safe when the products are bioequivalent, but patients should inform their doctor if they notice any differences in effect after a formulary change. Some patients with conditions requiring precise drug levels in the blood may be monitored more closely during transitions. For most patients, however, approved generics provide equivalent therapeutic benefit to the brand name product. The https://mednewwsstoday.com/blood-pressure/ section on blood pressure management covers both brand name and generic treatment options, giving patients a complete picture of what is available. Cost, insurance coverage, and pharmacy availability are practical factors to discuss with a pharmacist when filling a prescription for prazosin.
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.